Free, as in Freedom, Software
Your Freedom Needs Free Software ~ Richard Stallman
I use, and support, free (as in freedom) software. Sometimes also referred to as libre software.
I think the word libre is used to help clarify the confusion of the difference between the usage of
the word "free" as in gratis or no price and free as in freedom; as well as the confusion between
"free" software and "open source" software. Learn more about free software at www.GNU.org
- GNU is the philosophy of "free software."
- Free Software Foundation addresses issues affecting us all.
Below is a curated list of Free/Libre software:
If you have questions or need help with getting started with anything on this list (including help with installs or updates) you can ask me, but there is often help from the community actively involved in using or developing each application. In addition to manuals or wikis they often have forums and mailing lists. Although I advocate for using free software, many of these applications will also work on the proprietary operating systems made by Microsoft and Apple.
Linux is Awesome!
Linux is an awesome operating system. Some people may think it's only for hobbyists or isn't important and they are absolutely incorrect. Linux is a big deal. The internet has mostly run on Linux for decades. Many other things like cash registers, ATMs, and ordering kiosks, use Linux too. And Linux is great for using on your desktop or laptop computer. Linux is free, as in freedom, software.
Linux is Linux but, underneath the hood, it can be set up in many different ways. So different people, or groups, put together a Linux operating system how they like it and they give it a name. This is called a Linux distribution (or distro). Try one and if it doesn't work for you, try a different one. When you're new to using Linux, it isn't important which Linux distro you use as long as you pick a commonly recommended distro. The reason is that the commonly recommended distros are usually recommended for a reason... For you to benefit from those who came before you. (Linux used to be hard to install, but it's easy now.) You're not giving up anything. All the power, flexibility, and features of Linux are present. But these distros are easier to install on a large variety of computer hardware, easier to start using, easier to find help articles, and easier to find live help with. So which Linux distros are these? Ubuntu or Linux Mint. You don't have to start with either of those, but you can't go wrong by doing so. So keep it simple, don't waste time, and start there. (By the way, many (most?) Linux distros are not fundamentally different from one another. They just come with a different set of pre-installed apps and use different desktop pictures.)
Linux operating systems often come with a "Live" option during installation. It's a great way to try it on a computer without installing it. If there is an option for a "live" version, that loads the operating system into RAM (your computer's temporary memory)...so nothing is installed or changed on your computer...when you turn off your computer the Linux session is wiped from RAM (temporary memory). When you turn your computer back on it will be just before...nothing was changed because it was all taking place in the temporary memory chips of the computer (RAM).
- Ubuntu A very popular distro and recommended for people new to using Linux because a lot of people use it and test it on different machines.
- Linux Mint A popular distro and recommended for people new to using Linux because a lot of people use it and test it on different machines.
- PCLinuxOS Also referred to as PCLOS. Originally created to be easy for people used to using Microsoft Windows. The pclos community even make their own monthly newsletter/magazine that is actually formatted to be printed out (unlike some "online" "newsletters" or "magazines"). Look for it on their website on the left side.
- OpenMandriva is a distro that is funded by the French government. There used to be a version called Mandrake back in the day and it was the pretty "Apple Mac" of the Linux world. A lot has changed over the years and you can make any Linux look like any other Linux or Apple or Microsoft desktop these days.
- Puppy Linux A portable Linux operating system that can be used from a USB memory stick. This is good as a tool for recovering files from an unencrypted computer that you don't know the password to. For example... If you forgot your Windows password or Windows isn't working properly. See if Puppy Linux will load as a live install. If it does, you can then use Puppy to access the files on the hard drive. If you have an encrypted drive, then it's more complicated.
Use your computer to contribute to science
- Folding@home A distributed computing project that anyone can use their computer
to help perform real-world scientific research. Also, see the Wikipedia article on f@h for more info.
Office
- LibreOffice "Office" sofware. Writer, spreadsheets, slides, database.
Keep Track of Your Money
- KMyMoney Keep track of your money.
- GnuCash Keep track of your money some more, but this time with double entry accounting.
- HomeBank Keep track of your money.
- Scrooge
Note Taking (and a flashcard app)
- Xournal++ Write with pen input.
- Joplin A notebook application. It is licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License v3 (AGPL-3.0) license. That means it is free software (meaning free, as in freedom, software). (GNU licenses are freedom respecting software licenses and there may be other licenses that also respect the four freedoms of free software but there isn't room here to get into it.) Which means the developers of Joplin are respecting your software freedoms.
Some people like another app that is similar to Joplin but, Joplin is free (free as in freedom) software and the other application is NOT free software because of the terms in its license. Even though the other app is free to use and says it will be free to use forever, it does not respect your other software freedoms. - There are also desktop wiki applications like Zim-Wiki. And if you really like trying new things you could try using Emacs with Org-mode. TreeSheets is an interesting program too.
- Anki "is a flashcard program that helps you spend more time on challenging material, and less on what you already know. There are two simple concepts behind Anki: active recall testing and spaced repetition. They are not known to most learners, despite being well-documented in scientific literature. It is multi-platform, running on Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, and Linux/FreeBSD. And it is considerably easier to use than SuperMemo."
Applications
- Firefox still has good reasons to use over Chromium based browsers. (Google controls the Chromium project and owns the Chrome browser.)
- uBlock Origin
This is the best ad blocker to use on Firefox and it can be added to Firefox on Android.
This extension works on Firefox, but Chrome won't allow you to block all advertisements because Google makes money by selling advertising. (Google controls the Chromium project and owns the Chrome browser.) - OBS Studio Record and edit videos. Record anything on your computer screen.
- KeePassXC is a password manager application. KeePassDX is the phone version.
- Jitsi and Jami are some other communication apps.
- Safecast
Radiation monitoring and environmental sensors. Safecast was created by people using
free/libre/open/maker concepts to make Geiger counters available to people around the world
to record and report radiation levels after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
meltdown that was caused by the earthquake and tsunami that hit Japan in 2011. - NewPipe "The lightweight YouTube experience for Android" NewPipe can view YouTube without ads, play in the background, play with the screen off, and you can download videos or just the audio of videos. NewPipe is a phone app, but can also work on Linux desktop. See this article.
- MikTex is an implementation of TeX/LaTeX and related programs for Windows, macOS and Linux
From LaTeX website: "LaTeX is a document preparation system for high-quality typesetting. It is most often used for medium-to-large technical or scientific documents but it can be used for almost any form of publishing. LaTeX is not a word processor! Instead, LaTeX encourages authors not to worry too much about the appearance of their documents but to concentrate on getting the right content."
Here is an article about the original program TeX. - Bluefish HTML editor isn't the best, but it is free, as in freedom, software.
Phone applications
Keep Control of Your Computing, So It Doesn't Control You! ~ Richard Stallman
- GrapheneOS Replace Google Android with this Android Open Source Project (AOSP) based system.
Check out this video regarding the future of GrapheneOS. - Signal A phone number has to be used to set up Signal (but it doesn't have to be your number).
- F-Droid onion address or regular clear net address a software repository (alternative to Google Play app store).
- Transcribro Transcribro is a private and on-device speech recognition keyboard and service for Android. This can be used in place of Google voice recognition.
- KeePassDX is the phone version of the KeePassXC password manager on desktop.
- ExifEraser remove exif metadata from pictures (JPEG, PNG, WebP) before sharing them.
- OpenKeyChain can manage your encryption keys.
- FFShare compress images and videos before sharing them.
- OnionShare share (send or receive) files anonymously. onion address or clear net URL (address)
- Librera ebook and document reader. There are two versions and only one difference:
1) Librera FD is the version on F-Droid. It does not have Google Play Services or Google Drive book synchronization.
2) Librera Pro is the version on Google Play. It does have Google Play Services and Google Drive book synchronization. - NewPipe "The lightweight YouTube experience for Android"
NewPipe can view YouTube without ads, play in the background, play with the screen off, and
you can download videos or just the audio of videos. NewPipe is a phone app, but can also
work on Linux desktop. See this article.
Physical authentication keys
Physical authentication keys are a higher level of security than an authentication application. A side note: KeePassXC and KeePassDX can store temporary one time passwords (TOTP) therefore, allowing you to do the same thing as an authenticator app. (Always make a backup copy of your password database files and keep those backup copies on a separate device and store that device in a safe place. Remember to consider, not just theft, but also fire and water.)
- YubiCo is the name of the company that makes YubiKeys. A world renowned hardware key.
- SoloKeys are like YubiKeys, but the hardware and firmware are also open source. However, YubiCo is committed to free and open source as well. See this blog post explaining the reality of making difficult decisions about creating a highly secure product.
TOR = The Onion Router, sometimes referred to as the "dark web"
The only way to prevent data from being abused is to prevent it from being collected in the first place. ~ Soren Stoutner.com
It's now spelled Tor, but it used to be all capital letters which was an abbreviation for The Onion Router. It's called the onion router because that description is the basic concept of its design; it uses layers...like an onion...to hide your IP address. Hiding your IP address is a critical step toward visiting a website anonymously. See the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Surveillance Self-Defense for more info about defending your privacy on the internet.
Visiting a .onion website is even better privacy and offers additional security for both the visitor to the website and the website host (both parties benefit). Avoiding the technical details here, but one other note about .onion sites....regular http connections are secured by the Tor network, so although on the regular internet you'll need to see https at the begining of the website address to show an encrypted connection...all sites on Tor ending in .onion are secure including http. So the regular clearnet website paemt.org is secured with the normal certificate system and you can see the connection is https://paemt.org but the .onion site starts with http but is secured and you get browser generated lock icon (looks like an onion/padlock in Tor Browser).
You can visit the PaEMT "onion" site using the Tor Browser.
The address is gp5nikn2jvifgoqbqhuyvtp3wbupmxe7jwnpis4gzueq7mvb7hsjsxqd.onion
- EFF (Electronic Frontier Foundation) article... Tor Is For Everyone: Why You Should Use Tor
- The Tor Project (.onion) Read about Tor and download the Tor Browser to get on the "dark web" and visit .onion sites.
- Tor Browser (.onion) The Tor Browser is also available for phones.
- Tor Browser for mobile phone. (.onion)
- TailsOS Using this operating system offers better protections for using Tor than just the Tor Browser by itself.
- Orbot Is an app to use Tor on a phone. It can be used to allow other apps to connect
over the internet through the Tor network. - OnionShare (.onion) is a tool for anonymous peer-to-peer file sharing, chatting, and web hosting.
GNU
When I launched the development of the GNU system, I explicitly said the purpose of developing this system is so we can use our computers and have freedom, thus if you use some other free system instead but you have freedom, then it's a success. It's not popularity for our code but it's success for our goal.
~ Richard Stallman
I want to thank Richard Stallman (https://stallman.org) for his devotion to promoting his free software philosophy. In a small way, this website is in support of his efforts and the GNU philosophy (https://www.gnu.org).
Drop Apple and Microsoft and switch to GNU+Linux. By the way, Microsoft is ending support for Windows 10 on October 14, 2025. That means no security updates or bug fixes after that date. Do you know what will keep getting bug fixes and security updates? Linux. Do you know which operating system can keep the same interface for decades and is also the most customizable? One that you control, such as Linux.
Micro$oft rent seeking strategy: extend, embrace, extinguish.
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